Name: Mayla Bessa Scotá
Type: MSc dissertation
Publication date: 17/02/2023
Advisor:

Name	Role
Elias Terra Werner	Advisor *

Examining board:

Name	Role
Elias Terra Werner	Advisor *
João Paulo de Morais Oliveira	External Alternate *
Milene Miranda Praça Fontes	External Examiner *
Paulo Cezar Cavatte	Internal Examiner *
Viviana Borges Corte	Internal Alternate *

Summary: Psidium guajava (guava tree) is known for the commercialization of fruits for
ornamental and medicinal purposes, using infusions of leaves and roots, WHERE the
presence of secondary metabolites (MeS) that are beneficial to health is observed.
Infusion of leaves, roots or even the bark of the species P. guajava is widely used
to treat gastrointestinal diseases such as stomach pain, dysentery and constipation.
Biotechnological approaches such as in vitro plant tissue culture (CTV) techniques,
such as biomass production through callogenesis, are used to provide plant material
on a large scale in a standardized way and can be used to supply and mitigate the
overexploitation of medicinal plants taken from native sources or cultivated areas.
The general objective of this work was to induce callogenesis in vitro using different
combinations of PGRs (2,4-D, ANA, KIN and BAP) and explants of leaves,
hypocotyls and roots, extracted from P. guajava seedlings germinated in vitro from
cultivars Paluma and Cortibel (C1 and C6). For this, the parameters of IVG and %
of germination were evaluated; callus induction on leaf, hypocotyl and root explants;
morphological evaluation of calli in vitro from leaf explants of the cultivar Paluma
from 0 to 49 days of incubation; phytochemical prospection in aqueous and alcoholic
extract of callus biomass from leaf explants of Paluma and Cortibel cultivars (C1
and C6) cultivated under the influence of the combination of PGRs 2.0 mg L-1 2.4-
D + 1.0 mg L-1 ANA + 1.0 mg L-1 KIN (T1), aiming to identify the presence of MeS
synthesized from callous tissue biomass. The combination of PGRs 2.0 mg L-1 2,4-
D + 1.0 mg L-1 ANA + 1.0 mg L-1 KIN (T1), at 60 days, promoted 100% callus
induction in leaf explants of the tested cultivars, and greater than 85% in the other
combinations of PGRs tested in Paluma and Cortibel (C1 and C6). Important MeS
groups were detected, such as tannins, flavones, saponins, chalcones and aurones
by phytochemical prospecting in Paluma and Cortibel cultivars (C1 and C6), and the
catechins group only in Cortibel (C1 and C6). Leaf explants were more susceptible
to callogenesis in vitro in a shorter time than hypocotyl and root explants in the
tested cultivars, Paluma and Cortibel (C1 and C6), and, ability to synthesize MeS,
being, therefore, recommended for obtaining greater amount of plant biomass.
Keywords: Calluses • germination • myrtaceae • phytoregulator • secondary
metabolites