Name: SCHÍRLEY APARECIDA COSTALONGA MOREIRA
Type: PhD thesis
Publication date: 17/02/2017
Advisor:
Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| Maria do Carmo Pimentel Batitucci | Advisor * |
Examining board:
| Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| Claudia Masrouah Jamal | External Examiner * |
| Flavia de Paula (M/D) | External Alternate * |
| Hildegardo Seibert França | Internal Examiner * |
| Luciano Belcavello | External Examiner * |
| Maria do Carmo Pimentel Batitucci | Advisor * |
| Silvia Tamie Matsumoto | Internal Alternate * |
| Valéria de Oliveira Fernandes | Internal Examiner * |
Summary: Biological contamination is one of the most serious environmental problems nowadays and contributes to the extinction of native species. Studies aimed at understanding the mechanisms of invasion used by alien species are very important in the search for effective solutions to combat these species allelopathy is a promising field of investigation; however, the relationships between allelopathic effects and intracellular changes are rarely established. This study aimed to analyze the phytochemistry of the foliar ethanolic extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam, Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl e Acacia mangium Willd), as well as infer about their allelopathic actions through four test organisms (Lactuca sativa, Allium cepa, Leucaena leucocephala e Urochloa brizantha) and its mutagenic potential using the A. cepa system. Seeds of test organisms were germinated on Petri dishes covered with filter paper soaked with deionized water (negative control) or four concentration of each extract (1, 5, 10 and 50 mg/mL). In allelopathic assay were measured the germination index (GI), germination speed index (GSI), allelopathic index (AI), radicles growth speed index (RGSI), germination mean time (GMT), germination mean speed (GMS) and radicles mean length (RML). For mutagenic assay A. cepa seeds were submitted to continuous and discontinuous (acute and chronic) treatments in middle with deionized water or one concentration of extracts and were measured the mitotic index (MI), aneugenic effect index (AEI), clastogenic effect index (CEI) and anomaly index (AI). A. mangium Willd extract presented in its composition saponins, triterpenos and tanins and affected the GI, GSI and AI of L. sativa, A. cepa and U. brizantha; in relation to GMT, L. leucocephala was the only specie affected. The GMS was changed only in L. sativa. All species had RML and RGSI modified. The extract shown cytotoxic properties, since it reduced the MI of A. cepa without changed the IEA, IA and IEC. To A. heterophyllus Lam extract, was detected flavonoids, triterpenos and tanins and occurred significant changes in AI and GI to L. sativa, A. cepa e U. brizantha; the GSI was affected in L. sativa e U. brizantha, while GMT was reduced in L. leucocephala e U. brizantha. RML and RGSI of all test organisms were altered. Besides reducing the MI, the extract caused an increase in CEI demonstrating that the observed allelopathic effects are reflections of both a cytotoxic and a genotoxic action. In turn, Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl extract shown flavonoids, steroids, saponins and alkaloids in its phytochemical profile and reduced the GI, GSI and AI in L. sativa, A. cepa and U. brizantha. There was a decline in GMS of L. sativa. The extract of Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl presented cytotoxic and genotoxic potentials and affected RML and RGSI of all test organisms.
