Name: NELSON SALGADO TAVARES
Type: PhD thesis
Publication date: 25/05/2017
Advisor:
Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| Jose Aires Ventura (M/D) | Advisor * |
Examining board:
| Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| Helcio Costa | External Examiner * |
| Hildegardo Seibert França | Internal Examiner * |
| João Batista Silva Araújo | External Examiner * |
| Jose Aires Ventura (M/D) | Advisor * |
| Maria do Carmo Pimentel Batitucci | Internal Examiner * |
Summary: This work investigated the organic compound influence on tomato fruits loss due to pests and diseases in Especial para Salada cultivars whose seeds were produced by Topseed® (T0) and by author with nature farming techniques in 15 consecutive plantings (T15). The comparisons were made between T15 and T0 in the planting of nature farming systems and in organic farming without organic pesticides sprays. The objective of this work was to evaluate the commercial tomatoes adaptation to nature farming techniques and the influence of the organic fertilizer on the seeds T15 and T0. The evaluation of this adaptation was made through the productivity in farming with and without organic fertilizer and the molecular and biochemical characteristics. Tomatoes cultures conducted at the West Virginia University Organic Agriculture Farm - WVUOAF on summer 2015 were divided into two treatments, NF-T15, NF-T0, and two with organic fertilizers, OF-T0 and Of-T15, in the design experimental randomized block with five replicates, five plants each, totaling 100 tomatoes. For the biochemical studies a planting with the same treatments was made in the winter of 2016 in the municipality of Marechal Floriano-ES. In both West Virginia and Espirito Santo, all plants in these experiments were not irrigated or sprayed by any defenses allowed by organic agriculture. The NF-T15 and NF-T0 non-fertilized plants presented the best yields, as they had the lowest losses of fruits damaged by diseases and pests. It was observed that NF-T15 plants and fruits presented more efficient defenses than tomatoes from other treatments. The fertilized tomatoes OF-T0 and OF-T15 had the highest losses of fruits due to the weak defense of these plants to the parasites that infested them. The results of the no-fertilization cultivation obtained in the fields and in the laboratories indicate that the 'Especial para Salada' variety T15 was the most adapted and with the largest defenses and thus produced 29 t/ha without fertilizers, no irrigation and neither defensive and T0 was able to produce 38 t/ha under the same conditions. The results of this work showed that T0 obtained a rapid adaptation in this first crop without fertilizers and that T15 cultivated many years without fertilizers became the most resistant. Because of the high incidence of pests and diseases in the fertilized crops, OF-T0 and Of-T15, the fertilizer itself was organic fertilizer in this case.
